Migration as a (Non)Traditional Security Issue of the Risk Society
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18662/po/12.2/314Keywords:
migration, state security, perceptions of migration, economic securityAbstract
Migration is an issue fervently debated in various scientific fields (history, sociology, political science, security studies, etc.). Postmodern literature on migration goes beyond hundreds of titles, monographs and articles. Discourses on public migration policies and sometimes policies themselves all too often tend to be based on seemingly trivial correlations, but which have no significant empirical basis. The reality is much less simple and requires a nuanced analysis to interpret it accurately. The emotions and attention aroused in the EU and US public debates on migration issues reveal an identity crisis and only widen the gap between potential evidence-based long-term policies and short-term migrant policies. The article aims to analyse, from a theoretical perspective, the content of the migration phenomenon in the contemporary globalized society, focusing on a series of legal elements, without ignoring the social and economic implications of the phenomenon
References
Aas, K. F., & Bosworth, M. (2013). The borders of punishment: Migration, citizenship, and social exclusion. Oxford University Press.
Aftendorn, H., Keohane, R. O., & Wallander, C. A. (Eds.). (1999). Imperfect unions. Oxford University Press.
Baldwin, D. A. (1997). The concept of security. Review of International Studies, 23(5), 5-26. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0260210597000053
Bingo, D. (2000). Border regimes and security in an enlarged European community. Police co-operation with CEECs: Between trust and obligation. EUI Working Papers, 65, 1-31. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/border-regimes-and-security-in-an-enlarged-european-community-police-cooperation-with-ceecs-between-trust-and-obligation(8d876fdd-3a49-40b8-baad-e2590b663b17)/export.html
Booth, K. (2009). International relations: The story so far. International Relations, 33(2), 358-390. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047117819851261
Buzan, B., Wæver, O, & De Wilde, J. (1998). Security: New framework for analysis. Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Ceyhan, A., & Tsoukala, A. (2002). The securitization of migration in western societies: Ambivalent discourses and policies. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, 27(1, S1), 21-39. https://doi.org/10.1177/03043754020270s103
Clyde, M. J. (1959). The causes of labor migration. Bulletin of the Inter African Labor Institute, 6(1), 12–47.
Council of the European Union. (2003). European Security Strategy - A secure Europe in a better world. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/documents-publications/publications/european-security-strategy-secure-europe-better-world/
Curran, S. R., & Saguy, A. C. (2001). Migration and cultural change: A role for gender and social networks? Journal of International Woman’s Studies, 2(3), 54–77, http://vc.bridgew.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1619&context=jiws
Fierke, K. M. (2007). Critical approaches to international security. Cambridge University Press.
Focault, M. (1980). Power / knowledge. Vintage.
Franz, W., & Steiner, V. (1999). Wages in the East German transition process – Facts and explanations. Centre for European Economic Research Paper.
Geddes, A. (2000). Immigration and European integration: Towards fortress europe? Manchester University Press.
Guild, E., Carrera, S., & Balzacq, T. (2008). The changing dynamics of security in an enlarged European Union. In D. Bigo, R. B. J. Walker & S. Carrera (Eds.), Europe's 21st century challenge. Routlege.
Habermas, J. (1985). The theory of communicative action (1st vol.), Reason and the rationalization of society. Beacon Press.
Hirschauer, S. (2019). For real people in real places: The Copenhagen school and the other “little security nothings”. European Security, 28(4), 413-430. https://doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2019.1656199
Holsti, K. J. (2006). Something old, something new: Theoretical perspectives on contemporary international peace and security. In E. Newman, R. Thakur & J. Tirman (Eds.), Multilateralism under challenge? Power, international order and structural change. United Nations University Press.
Howell, A., & Richter-Montpetit, M. (2019). Is securitization theory racist? Civilizationism, methodological whiteness, and antiblack thought in the Copenhagen School. Security Dialogue, 51(1), 3-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0967010619862921
Huysmans, K. (2006). The politics of insecurity: Fear, migration and asylum in the EU. Routledge.
Ibrahim, M. (2005). The securitization of migration: A racial discourse. International Migration, 43(5), 163-187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2005.00345.x
Keane, D. (2004). Environment causes and consequences of migration: A search for the meaning of environmental refugees. Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, 16, 209– 210. https://environmentalmigration.iom.int/environmental-causes-and-consequences-migration-search-meaning-environmental-refugees
Klaus, W., & Pachocka, M. (2019). Examining the Global North migration policies: A “push out – push back” approach to forced migration. International Migration, 57(5), 280-293. https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12575
Krause, K. (2017). Critical theory and security studies: The research programme of `critical security studies. Cooperation and Conflict, 33(3), 298-333. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010836798033003004
Lake, D. A., & Morgan, P. M. (Eds.). (1997). Regional orders. Building security in a new world. The Pennsylvania State University Press.
Lijphart, A. (2003). Measurement validity and institutional engineering – Reflections on Rein Taagepera’s meta-study. Political Studies, 51(1), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.00410
Manning, P., & Trimmer, T. (2013). Migration in world history (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Massey, D. S., Arango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaouci, A., Pellegrino, A., & Taylor, J. E. (1993). Theories of international migration: A review and appraisal. Population and Development Review, 19(3), 431. https://doi.org/10.2307/2938462
Muniz-Solari, O., Li, W., & Schleicher, Y. (2010). Conceptual framework: Why do people move to work in another place or country? In M. Solem, P. Klein, O. Muñiz-Solari & W. Ray (Eds.), Global economy: A module for the AAG Center for Global Geography Education. AAG Centre for Global Geography Education.
Newman, E. (2007). A crisis of global institutions? Multilateralism and international security. Routledge.
Rosenberg, E. S., & Tickner, J. A. (1993). Gender in international relations : Feminist perspectives on achieving global security. The Journal of American History, 80(3), 1043. https://doi.org/10.2307/2080425
Ruggie, J. G. (Ed.). (1983). Multilateralism matters. The theory and praxis of an institutional form. Columbia University Press.
Schmeidl, S. (1997). Exploring the causes of force migration: A pooled time-series analysis, 1970–1990. Social Science Quarterly, 78(2), 284–308. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42864338
Shapiro, M. (1991). Sovereignty and exchange in the orders of modernity. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, 16(1), 447-448. https://doi.org/10.1177/030437549101600404
Smith, H., & Stares, P. (Eds.). (2007). Diasporas in conflict: Peace makers or peace-wreckers? United Nations University Press.
Spencer, A. (2008). Linking immigrants and terrorists: The use of immigration as an anti-terror policy. Online Journal of Peace and Conflict Resolution, 8(1), 5, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237829585_Linking_Immigrants_and_Terrorists_The_Use_of_I mmigration_as_an_Anti-Terror_Policy
Tancredo, T. G. (2004). Immigration, citizenship, and national security: The silent invasion. Mediterranean Quarterly, 15(4), 4–15. https://doi.org/10.1215/10474552-15-4-4
Tekofsky, A. (2006). The community method of border management. https://www.ru.nl/publish/pages/527694/tekofsky.pdf
Thakur, R., & Van Langenhove, L. (2006). Enhancing global governance through regional integration. Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations, 12(3), 233-240. https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-01203002
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). (1994). Human development report 1994. Oxfrod University Press.
Vietti, F., & Scribner, T. (2013). Human insecurity: Understanding international migration from a human security perspective. Journal on Migration and Human Security, 1(1), 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1177/233150241300100102
Walker, R. (1990). Security, sovereignty and the challenge of world politics. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, 15(1), 3-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/030437549001500102
Wallace, W. (2002). Where does Europe end? Dilemmas of inclusion and exclusion. In J. Zielonka (Ed.), Europe unbound. Enlarging and reshaping the boundaries of the European Union. Routledge (pp. 78-94).
Webber, M., Croft, S., Howorth, J., Terriff, T., & Krahmann, E. (2004). The governance of European security. Review of International Studies, 30(1), 3-26. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0260210504005807
Weiner, M. (1992). Security, stability, and international migration. International Security, 17(3), 91. https://doi.org/10.2307/2539131
Wendt, H. (1997). Zuwanderung und asyl in Deutschland - vor dem Hintergrund demographischer Entwicklungen [Immigration and asylum in Germany - Against the background of demographic developments]. Zeitschrift für Bevölkerungswissenschaft, 22(2/3), 319-346.
White, M. J. (2016). Migration and the Environment. In M. J. White (Ed.), Handbook of migration and population distribution (pp.465-484). Springer.
Winter-Ebmer, R. (1994). Motivation for migration and economic success. Journal of Economic Psychology, 15(2), 269–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4870(94)90004-3
Zachariah, K. T., Mathew, E. S., Irudaya Rajan, S. (2001). Social, economic, and demographic consequences of migration on Kerala. International Migration, 39(2), 43–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2435.00149
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors & LUMEN Publishing House

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant this journal right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work, with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g. in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as an earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Postmodern Openings Journal has an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs
CC BY-NC-ND