Motivational Essay - A Useful Tool in Career Choice?

Authors

  • Cristina Cîrtiţă-Buzoianu Associate Professor PhD, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, Bacău, Romania
  • Venera-Mihaela Cojocariu Professor PhD, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, Bacău, Romania
  • Gabriel Mareş Lecturer PhD, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, Bacău, Romania

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18662/po/12.4/360

Keywords:

Motivational essay, career choice, career counselling, economically disadvantaged students, COVID-19 period

Abstract

The proposed study is based on a double causality, such as: the need to improve the counselling tools for high school students for the appropriate choice of a career development path; the existence of the category of disadvantaged students from an economic perspective, whose difficulties in choosing a training path for their career have been augmented during the pandemic. Our research provides an analysis of how the motivational essay can be substantiated as a useful tool in career counselling activities, as well as how it can be integrated into counselling approaches for the economically disadvantaged teenagers to choose the academic development path. We have used a mixed research methodology, which complements the peer review approach with the qualitative analysis of a set of motivation essays developed by the 11th and 12th Grade students. The research aims to identify the level of development of self-analysis, self-reflection and self-assessment of motivational factors, which may be decisive in choosing a future career. The essay analysis highlights a series of elements, which reflects the dynamics of the change of motivational resources in the context of the digitalisation acceleration, of the upheavals on the labour market generated by the new social and economic context. The obtained results allow the formulation of conclusions: confirming the need for such an approach; certifying the possibility and usefulness of integrating the motivational essay into the career counsellor’s methodological portfolio and professional counselling approaches; illustrating useful effects and limits of the reflective effort generated during the essay. 

Author Biographies

Cristina Cîrtiţă-Buzoianu, Associate Professor PhD, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, Bacău, Romania

Associate Professor PhD, Department of Romanian Language and Literature and Communication Sciences, The Faculty of Letters

Venera-Mihaela Cojocariu, Professor PhD, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, Bacău, Romania

The Pre- and In- service Teacher Training Departament, Faculty of Sciences

Head of The Department of Professional Counselling

Gabriel Mareş, Lecturer PhD, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, Bacău, Romania

Lecturer PhD, DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL AND OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, The Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health Sciences 

References

Abdullah, N., Hussin, N., Shonubi, O.A., Ghazali, S. R. & Abu Talib, M. (2018). Career decision-making competence, self-knowledge, and occupational exploration: a model for university students. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 10(1), 71-81. https://doi.org/10.30880/jtet.2018.10.01.006

Ackerman, C. E. (2020). What is self-awareness and why is it important? [+5 Ways to increase it]. PositivePsychology.com. https://positivepsychology.com/self-awareness-matters-how-you-can-be-more-self-aware/

Albion, M., & Fogarty, G. (2002). Factors Influencing Career Decision Making in Adolescents and Adults. Journal of Career Assessment, 10(1), 91-126. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072702010001006

Akosah-Twumasi, P., Emeto T. I., Lindsay, D., Tsey. K., & Malau-Aduli B. S. (2018). A Systematic Review of Factors That Influence Youths Career Choices—the Role of Culture. Frontiers in Education, 3(58). https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2018.00058

Andreassen, I. (2016). Career aspirations and self-knowledge during adolescence. Journal Plus Education, 16(2), 15-23. https://uav.ro/jour/index.php/jpe/article/view/721

Antoci, D. (2021). Values and Value Orientations of Adolescents and Young People in Pre-Pandemic and Pandemic Situations. Postmodern Openings, 12(3), 288-310. https://doi.org/10.18662/po/12.3/341

Association for Career and Techical Education. (2018). Career Exploration in Middle School: Setting Students on the Path to Success. Association for Career and Techical Education. https://www.acteonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/ACTE_CC_Paper_FINAL.pdf

Balloo, K., Pauli, R., & Worrell, M. (2017). Undergraduates’ personal circumstances, expectations and reasons for attending university. Studies in Higher Education, 42(8), 1373-1384. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2015.1099623

Bao, W. (2020). COVID-19 and online teaching in higher education: A case study of Peking University. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(2), 113-115. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.191

Batchelor, D. (2006). Becoming what you want to be. London Review of Education, 4(3), 225-238. https://doi.org/10.1080/14748460601043841

Batool, S. S., & Ghayas, S. (2020). Process of career identity formation among adolescents: components and factors. Helion, 6(9), 2-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04905

Bao W. COVID-19 and online teaching in higher education: A case study of Peking University. Hum Behav & Emerg Tech. 2020;2:113–115. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.191

Belobrovy, A. (2018, November). Theories on Self-Reflection in Education. [Conference presentation]. AFOR ACE Conference, Toshi Center, Tokyo, Japan. https://ace.iafor.org/ace2018/

Blustein, D. L., Ali, S. R., & Flores, L. Y. (2019). Vocational Psychology: Expanding the Vision and Enhancing the Impact. The Counseling Psychologist, 47(2), 166-221. https://doi.org/10.1177/00110000198 61213

Bocoş, M., Andronac, D., & Peculea, L. (2015). Orientări educaţionale actuale asupra curriculumului centrat pe competenţe [Educational Orientations towards the competence-centred curriculum]. In: S. Sava, (ed.), Perspectives for Research in Education (pp. 71-87). University Publishing House.

CB Comunity. (2020). 6 Unique Tips for Writing a Brilliant Motivational Essay. Collegebasics. https://www.collegebasics.com/blog/6-unique-tips-motivational-essay/

Chiru, M. (2007). Decision Making Techniques. In M. Jigău (ed.), Career counselling, Compendium of methods and techniques (pp. 435-446). Institute of Educational Sciences, Euroguidance.

Chakraborty, M., & Wang, J. (2015). The Postmodern Approach to Career Counseling for Contemporary Organizations. In C. Hughes (Ed.), Impact of Diversity on Organization and Career Development (pp. 252-274). IGI Global. http://doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-7324-3.ch010

Cojocariu, V. M., & Mareș, G. (2019). Pedagogical essay - a useful tool to practice reflexive thinking in higher education. Journal of Educational Sciences & Psychology, 9(1), 22-28. http://jesp.upg-ploiesti.ro/index.php?option=com_phocadownload&view=file&id=512:pedagogical-essay-a-useful-tool-to-practice-reflexive-thinking-in-higher-education&Itemid=16

Collin, A., & Patton, W. (2009). Vocational Psychological and Organisational Perspectives on Career: Towards a Multidisciplinary Dialogue. Sense Publishers.

Crisp, G., Palmer, E., Turnbull, D., Nettelbeck, T., Ward, L., LeCouteur, A., Sarris, A., Strelan, P., & Schneider, L. (2009). First year student expectations: Results from a university-wide student survey. Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice, 6(1), 16-32. https://doi.org/10.53761/1.6.1.3

Crișan, C., & Turda, S. (2016). The Impact of a Career Counseling Program over Adolescents’ Career Indecisiveness. In G. Anita, K. Köiv, A. Belusova, & J. A. Kumar (Eds.), European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences (pp. 124-130). Future Academy. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2016.12.16

Cui X., Ding, N., Jiang, N., Honghe, L., & Deliang, W. (2021). Preliminary study of the relationship between career choice motivation and understanding of professionalism in newly enrolled medical students in China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Journals, 11(2), 2-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041860

Ferreira, A. S., & Lima, R. (2010). Discriminant Analysis in Career Studying Decision/ Indecision: The Career Factors Inventory (CFI) as a Diagnostic Measure. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 13 (2), 927-940. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1138741600002572

Gibbs, G. (2013). Learning by Doing: A guide to teaching and learning methods. Oxford Centre for Staff and Learning Development.

Guiffrida, D. A., Lynch, M. F., Wall, A. F., & Abel, D. S. (2013). Do Reasons for Attending College Affect Academic Outcomes?: A Test of a Motivational Model From a Self-Determination Theory Perspective. Journal of College Student

Development 54(2), 121-139. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2013.0019

Hall, D.T., & Chandler, D.E. (2005). Psychological success: When the career is a calling. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 155-176. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.301

Hanson, S. (2021). Writing a Successful Motivational Essay. Bachelor Print. https://www.bachelorprint.eu/methods-concepts/motivational-essay/

Hassel, S., & Ridout, N. (2018). An Investigation of First-Year Students' and Lecturers' Expectations of University Education. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02218

Isuf , M. F., & Stănculescu, A. M. (2014). Programul De Formare Orientarea Și Educația Pentru Carieră [Training programme - Career Orientation and Education] [Course support]. Asociația Edufor Craiova. https://www.edufor.ro/documents/suport_curs_cariera.pdf

Jackson, B. L. (2021). The Inequity of Educational Opportunity During a Pandemic. Postmodern Openings, 12(1), 319-327. https://doi.org/10.18662/po/12.1/263

Jigau, M., Tasica, L., Musca, A., Chiru, M., Botnariuc, P., Cozma, I., & Tibu, S. (2007). Career counselling, Compendium of methods and techniques. Institute of Educational Sciences, Euroguidance.

Kennett, D. J., Reed, M. J., & Stuart, A. S. (2013). The impact of reasons for attending university on academic resourcefulness and adjustment. Active Learning in Higher Education,14(2), 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469787413481130

Lee, I. H., & Rojewskij, J. W. (2012). Development of occupational aspirations on early Korean adolescents: a multiple-group latent curve model analysis. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 12, 189-210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-012-9227-6

Lyon, D. (1999). Postmodernitatea [Postmodernity]. Du Style Publishing House.

Marciniak, J., Johnston, C.S., Steiner, R., & Hirschi, A. (2020). Career Preparedness among Adolescents: A Review of Key Components and Directions for Future Research. Journal of Career Development 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0894845320943951

Mailhot, B. (2018). How to Write an Awesome Essay About Your Career Goals. Goingmerry. https://www.goingmerry.com/blog/career-goals-essay/

Maketab, H. (2018). Student life: Expectation vs. Reality. Study International. https://www.studyinternational.com/news/student-life-expectation-vs-reality/

Mann, A., Denis, V., Schleicher, A., Ekhtiari, H., Forsyth, T., Liu, E. & Chambers, N. (2020). Dream jobs? Teenagers’ Career Aspirations and the Future of Work. OECD. https://www.oecd.org/education/dream-jobs-teenagers-career-aspirations-and-the-future-of-work.htm

Mareş, G., Cojocariu, V. M., & Cîrtiţă-Buzoianu, C. (2021). Making Career Decisions in the Context of the COVID -19 Pandemic. An Analysis of Disadvantaged Student Groups. Postmodern Openings, 12(1), 328-346. https://doi.org/10.18662/po/12.1/264

Maree, J. (2010). Brief Overview of the Advancement of Postmodern Approaches to Career Counseling. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 20(3), 361–368. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2010.10820387

Money, J., Nixon, S., Tracy, F., Hennessy, C., Ball, E., & Dinning, T. (2017). Undergraduate student expectations of university in the United Kingdom: What really matters to them?. Cogent Education, 4(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2017.1301855

Moore, N., & Czerwinska, K. (2019). Understanding the use of digital technology in the career development sector. International Centre for Guidance Studies.

Pickett, A. (2018). Motivating your young person to choose a career. Careers.govt.nz. https://www.careers.govt.nz/articles/motivating-your-young-person-to-choose-a-career/

Pleșa, R. (2019). Motivation of professional career selection. Annals of the University of Petroşani, Economics, 19(1), 159-170. https://www.upet.ro/annals/economics/pdf/2019/p1/Plesa_1.pdf

Pordelan, N., & Hosseinian, S. (2021). Online career counseling success: the role of hardiness and psychological capital. International Journal of Educational and Vocational Guidance, 21, 531–549, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-020-09452-1

Sandelands, E., Gasanova, J., McGrath, J., & O’Donnell, H. (2020). Integrating decision-making styles, subject preferences, hobbies, interests, and passions to help students predict their ideal third level education and career options. The Pathway Model Academic Reference Paper. https://mypathwayjourney.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/The-Pathway-Model-Explained.pdf

Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J. P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., Soresi, S., Esbroeck, R.V., & Van Vianen, A. E. M. (2009). Life designing: A paradigm for career construction in the 21st century. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(3), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2009.04.004

Savickas, M. L. (2008) Helping People Choose Jobs: A History of the Guidance Profession. In J. A. Athanasou, & R. Van Esbroeck (eds.), International Handbook of Career Guidance (pp. 97-113). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6230-8_5

Savickas, M. L. (2005). The Theory and Practice of Career Construction. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 42–70). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Savickas, M. L. (2003). Advancing the career counseling profession: Objectives and strategies for the next decade. The Career Development Quarterly, 52(1), 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2003.tb00631.x

Savickas, M. L. (2002). Career construction: A developmental theory of vocational behavior. In D. Brown (Ed.), Career choice and development (4th ed.) (pp. 149–205). Jossey-Bass.

Savickas, M. L. (1993). Career Counseling in the Postmodern Era. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.7.3.205

Super, D. E., Starishevsky, R., Matlin, N., & Jordan, J. P. (1963). Career development: Self-concept theory; Essays in vocational development. College Entrance Examination Board.

Super, D. E., Savickas, M. L., & Super, C. M. (1996). The life-span, life-space approach to careers. In D. Brown & L. Brooks (Eds.), Career choice and development (3rd ed.) (pp. 121-178). Jossey-Bass.

Toit, A. (2015). An evaluation of a possible increase in self-knowledge through a career counselling intervention for grade 11 learners in previously disadvantaged schools [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Stellenbosch.

Thome, K. (2016). Promoting Self-Authored Career Decision-Making through Parent Partnerships [Project]. Award Winners. https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/coeawardwinners/5

The Bucharest University of Economic Studies (2021). The structure of the motivational essay requested for the admission at the undergraduate study programmes. The Bucharest University of Economic Studies. https://international.ase.ro/21/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/motivational-essay-structure.pdf

The Open University. (2021). Strategic study techniques. Be aware of your habits. The Open University. https://help.open.ac.uk/be-aware-of-your-habits

Van Herpen, S. G. A., Meeuwisse, M., Hofman, W. H. A., Severiens, S.E., & Arends, L. A. (2017). Early predictors of first-year academic success at university: pre-university effort, pre-university self-efficacy, and pre-university reasons for attending university. Educational Research and Evaluation, 23(1-2), 52-72. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803611.2017.1301261

Yang, L., & Wong, L. P. W. (2020). Career and Life Planning Education: Extending the Self-Concept Theory and Its Multidimensional Model to Assess Career-Related Self-Concept of Students with Diverse Abilities. ECNU Review of Education, 3(4), 659–677. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2096531120930956

Zheng, J. L., Saunders, K. P., Shelley II, M.C., Whalen, D. F. (2002). Predictors of Academic Success for Freshmen Residence Hall Students. Journal of College Student Development, 43(2), 267-283. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/38937321.pdf

Downloads

Published

2021-12-17

How to Cite

Cîrtiţă-Buzoianu, C., Cojocariu, V.-M., & Mareş, G. (2021). Motivational Essay - A Useful Tool in Career Choice?. Postmodern Openings, 12(4), 42-61. https://doi.org/10.18662/po/12.4/360

Issue

Section

Research Articles