Legal Aspects Regarding Online Learning Process for Students at University and Digital Education in European Union: Different Life, Challenges and the Ability to Continue Education during the Pandemic Caused by Coronavirus (COVID-19)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/12.2Sup1/298Keywords:
online learning process at university, higher education continuity, digital education, COVID-19 pandemic, coronavirus, legal decisions, Ministry of Education and Research of RomaniaAbstract
Worldwide, the medical challenge brought by the pandemic caused by SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus (COVID-19/COronaVIrusDisease-2019) is overlapping with the challenge of continuing the educational process in schools and universities and this article highlights the situation regarding the studies at university. In Romania, the courses in school education and higher education have been suspended since March 2020, as a preventive measure against the transmission of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). After the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus was declared, in Romania the state of emergency was established in order to limit the infection with coronavirus disease and, for this purpose, measures restricting the free movement off all persons were regulated. In this uncertain and unpredictable context regarding the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on education worldwide, with schools and universities affected by a level of disruption, without precedent in the past, it is essential and imperative for education to continue. This article discusses the need and the possibility of continuing the learning process even if schools and universities are closed and face to face courses are suspended, using online resources, forcing an online education, and also the juridical implications regarding the choice of this path. This article analyzes the online learning process for studies at university during COVID-19 pandemic through correlations with the Digital Education Action Plan adopted by the European Commission.
References
Atchoarena, D. (2020). COVID-19: Learning cities on the front line. UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning. https://en.unesco.org/news/covid-19-learning-cities-front-line
Bates, A. W. T. (2015). What do we mean by quality when teaching in a digital age? In A. W. T. Bates (Ed.), Teaching in a Digital Ag- Guidelines for designing teaching and learning (2nd ed.). https://pressbooks.bccampus.ca/teachinginadigitalagev2/chapter/11-1-what-do-we-mean-by-quality-when-teaching-in-a-digital-age/
Bates, T. (2020). Advice to those about to teach online because of the corona-virus. https://www.tonybates.ca/2020/03/09/advice-to-those-about-to-teach-online-because-of-the-corona-virus/
European Association for the Education of Adults. (2020a, March 31). COVID-19, digital literacy: Digital learning as a challenge and opportunity. https://eaea.org/2020/03/31/digital-learning-as-a-challenge-and-opportunity/
European Association for the Education of Adults. (2020b, April 02). COVID-19: Outreach and access to learning during the coronavirus pandemic. https://eaea.org/2020/04/02/outreach-and-access-to-learning-during-the-coronavirus-pandemic
European Commission. (2018). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic And Social Committee And The Committee Of The Regions, on the digital education action plan, COM(2018) 22 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM:2018:22:FIN
European union. (2012). The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Official Journal of the European Union, C 326, 2012, October 10.
Ministry of Education and Research. (2020). The Order of the Ministry of Education and Research no. 4020/ 07.04.2020. Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, 299, 2020, April 09.
Ministry of Education and Research. (2020a, April 07). The measures established by the Ministry of Education and Research regarding the resumption of courses. https://www.edu.ro/masurile-stabilite-de-ministerul-educatiei-si-cercetarii-cu-privire-la-reluarea-cursurilor
Ministry of Education and Research. (2020b, March 10). The address transmitted to higher education institutions by the Ministry of Education and Research. https://www.edu.ro/adresele-transmise-de-ministerul-educatiei-si-cercetarii-catre-inspectoratele-scolare-judeteneismb
National Committee for Special Emergency Situations. (2020). Decision of the National Committee for Special Emergency Situations/CNSSU no. 7/2020 regarding the approval of Decision no. 9 of the Technical-Scientific Support Group on the management of highly contagious diseases in Romania. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/ro/Documents/Hotarare-CNSSU-nr.7-din-11.03.2020-Hotarare-GST-nr.9-din-10.03.2020.PDF.pdf?nc=1
Pearson. (2020). Working and learning online during a pandemic. https://www.pearson.com/news-and-research/working-learning-online-during-pandemic.html
Romanian Government. (2009). Gradual intersectoral framework for combating the effects of the pandemic with the A/H1N1 virus. Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, 615, 2009, September 11.
Tam, G., & El-Azar, D. (2020). 3 ways the coronavirus pandemic could reshape education. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/03/3-ways-coronavirus-is-reshaping-education-and-what-changes-might-be-here-to-stay
The Group of Technical-Scientific Support Regarding the Management of Highly Contagious Diseases on the Territory of Romania. (2020). Decision no. 9/10.03.2020 (approved by the Decision of the National Committee for Special Emergency Situations/CNSSU no. 7/11.03.2020. https://gov.ro/fisiere/pagini_fisiere/HOT%C4%82R%C3%82RE_nr._9_din_10.03.2020_a_Grupului_de_suport_tehnico-%C8%99tiin%C8%9Bific_privind_gestionarea_bolilor_%C3%AEnalt_contagioase_pe_teritoriul_Rom%C3%A2niei_aprobat%C4%83_tacit_de_C.N.S.S.U._%C3%AEn_data_de_11.03.2020.pdf
The National Committee for Special Emergency Situations. (2020). Decision no. 6 of March 9, 2020 on approving additional measures to combat the new Coronavirus. https://www.dsptimis.ro/birou-de-presa/comunicate/data_files/content/files/hotararea-nr-6-din-06-03-2020.pdf
The President of Romania. (2020). Decree no. 195/16.03.2020 regarding the establishment of the state of emergency for the territory of Romania. Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, 212, 2020, March 16.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). COVID-19 Impact on Education: Global monitoring of schools closures caused by COVID-19. https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2020). Distance learning solutions. More on UNESCO's COVID-19 Education. https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse/solutions
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/news/news/2020/3/who-announces-covid-19-outbreak-a-pandemic
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 The Authors & LUMEN Publishing House
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant this journalright of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work, with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g. in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as an earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala Journal has an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs
CC BY-NC-ND
