The Training Effort for Master Athletes in Romania in Relation to Self-esteem

Authors

  • Daniela Baba Transylvania University of Brasov, Romania
  • Lorand Balint Transylvania University of Brasov, Romania

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/14.1Sup1/543

Keywords:

Athlete masters, Training, Self-esteem, Running

Abstract

The aim of this article is to study the relationships between the training effort of master athletes (+35 years), performed by endurance running in order to participate in running events and their self-esteem. The research method was the investigation. The tool used was a questionnaire especially created for this research that also contains the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Out of the 111 participants, 62.2% are men and 37.8% are women. Men make a great effort (>12 km/training) 2,229 days/week, compared to women, who make a great effort 1.46 days/week, resulting in a significant difference (t = 2.53, p <0.05). The results revealed a statistically significant correlation between the self-attitude changes by running and health changes (r=0.46, p =0.01) and between the self-esteem attitude changes by practicing running and the small intensity weekly effort (< 8km/workout), (r =0.218, p=0.05). Conclusions: we believe that in terms of encouraging people of all ages to practice outdoor sports, promoting a healthy lifestyle based on exercise and managing mass sports, paying attention to endurance running is of extreme importance, especially in this stressing times that we are living. Therefore, a small to medium weekly effort is a self-disciplined habit that maintains the optimal health of the body and contributes to good self-esteem. The benefit resulting from the training effort gives the individual a state of well-being (67% of the participants had as their main motivation to run, a good state) which contributes to an increased in self-esteem. We consider that a high level of self-esteem is good not only for the individual, but also for the entire society. There are studies concerning the self-esteem in the literature of speciality, but not about the relation between amateur athletes’ training and self-esteem. We consider that the master athletes could be a rich source of information when studying the self-esteem.

Author Biographies

Daniela Baba, Transylvania University of Brasov, Romania

PhD student, Department of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transylvania University of Brasov, Romania

Lorand Balint, Transylvania University of Brasov, Romania

Professor PhD Department of Physical Education and Special Motor Skills, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transylvania University of Brasov, Romania

References

Boullosa, D., Esteve-Lanao, J., Casado, A., Peyre-Tartaruga, L. A., Gomes da Rosa, R., G., & Del Coso, J. (2020). Factors Affecting Training and Physical Performance in Recreational Endurance Runner. Sports, 8(3), 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8030035

Cast, A. D., & Burke, P. J. (2002). A theory of self-esteem. Social Forces, 80(3), 1041-1068. https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2002.0003

Cucuzzella, M. (2019). Run for Your Life: How to Run, Walk, and Move Without Pain or Injury and Achieve a Sense of Well-Being and Joy. Niculescu.

Doyenard, R., Olimpio, M., Boeira, D., Sombrio, F., Milhomes, Y. P., Gomes, K., Thiruphati, A., & Acordi da Silva, L. (2020). Psycho-physiological changes after a half marathon in amateur runners. Journal of Physical Education & Sport, 20(4), 1768-1774. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.04240

Galeş, N., & Florea, D. (2021). Best interests of the child – The legal determination of the principle. European Journal of Law and Public Administration, 8(2), 15-25. https://doi.org/10.18662/eljpa/8.2/156

García-Pinillos , F., Lago-Fuentes, C., Jaen-Carrillo, D., Bujalance-Moreno, P., Latorre-Román, P. A., Roche-Seruendo, L. E., & Ramirez-Campillo, R. (2020). Strength Training Habits in Amateur Endurance Runners in Spain: Influence of Athletic Level. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21) 8184. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218184

Hufton, E., Pickering, E., & Wadsworth, A. (2015). Complete Practical Encyclopedia of Running, Cycling & Fitness Training. Aquila.

Khorram-Manesh, A., Löf, T., Börjesson, M., Nilson, F., Thorsson, S., Lindberg, F. & Carlström, E. (2019). Profiling Collapsing Half Marathon Runners—Emerging Risk Factors: Results from Gothenburg Half Marathon. Sports, 8(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8010002

Malchrowicz-Mośko, E., & Poczta, J. (2018). Running as a Form of Therapy Socio-Psychological Functions of Mass Running Events for Men and Women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(10), 2262. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102262

Malm, C., Jakobsson, J., & Isaksson, A. (2019). Physical Activity and Sports—Real Health Benefits: A Review with Insight into the Public Health of Sweden. Sports, 7(5), 127. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7050127

Masters, K. S., Ogles, B. M., & Jolton, J. A. (1993). The Development of an Instrument to Measure Motivation for Marathon Running: The Motivations of Marathoners Scales (MOMS). Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 64(2), 134-143. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1993.10608790

Menheere, D., Janssen, M., Funk, M., Van der Spek, E., Lallemand, C., & Vos, S. (2020). Runner’s Perceptions of Reasons to Quit Running: Influence of Gender, Age and Running-Related Characteristics. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 6046. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176046

Muñoz-Villena, A., J., Gómez-López, J., & González-Hernández, J. (2020). Perfectionism Profiles and Anger Responses: The Relevant Role of Self-Esteem in Athletes of Professional Quarries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(4), 1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041416

Nikolaidis, P. T, Ćuk, I., Rosemann, T., & Knechtle, B. (2019). Performance and Pacing of Age Groups in Half-Marathon and Marathon. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(10), 1777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16101777

Nikolaidis, P., T., Rosemann, T. & Knechtle, B. (2018). A brief review of personality in marathon runners:the role of sex, age and performance level. Sports, 6(3), 99. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports6030099

Papalia, D., Olds, S., & Feldman, R. (2009). Dezvoltarea umană [Human development]. Trei.

Poczta, J., Almeida, N., Rozmiarek, M., Mlodzik, M., & Malchrowicz-Mosko, E. (2021). Men’s and Women’s Style of Living and Motivation to Run in Charity Events. Sustainability, 13(9) 5287. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095287

Rosenberg, M., Schooler, C, Schoenbach, C., & Rosenberg, F. (1995). Global Self-Esteem and Specific Self-Esteem: Different Concepts, Different Outcomes. American Sociological, 60(1), 141-156. https://doi.org/10.2307/2096350

Tanaka, H., & Seals, D., R. (2008). Endurance exercise performance in masters athletes: age-associated changes and underlying physiological mechanisms. The Journal of Physiology, 586(1), 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2007.141879

Utzschneider, C. (2014). Mastering Running. Human Kinetics.

Vikram, S. (2020). Study on Self Esteem Level of World Ranking Women Marathon Runners. International Journal of Movement Education and Sports Sciences, 6(1), 81-86. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340731516_A_Study_on_Self_Esteem_Level_of_World_Ranking_Women_Marathon_Runners

Downloads

Published

2022-03-24

How to Cite

Baba, D., & Balint, L. . (2022). The Training Effort for Master Athletes in Romania in Relation to Self-esteem. Revista Romaneasca Pentru Educatie Multidimensionala, 14(1Sup1), 155-171. https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/14.1Sup1/543