Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying: Typology of Victims and Aggressors in Slovakia

Authors

  • Katarina Kohútová Faculty of Education, Catholic University in Ružomberok, Slovakia
  • Angela Almašiová Department of Social Work, Faculty of Education, Catholic University in Ružomberok, Slovakia
  • Juraj Holdoš Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Letters, Catholic University in Ružomberok, Slovakia
  • Pavel Izrael Department of Journalism, Faculty of Arts and Letters, Catholic University in Ružomberok, Slovakia
  • Gheorghe Balint Faculty of Movement, Sport and Health Sciences, Physical Education and Sport Performance Department, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, Romania

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/17.4/1050

Keywords:

bullying, cyberbullying, victims, aggressors, victims/aggressors, non-participants

Abstract

Bullying is a serious sociopathological phenomenon occurring among children and youth. The primary aim of the paper was to create a typology in terms of roles in the bullying process and subsequently a typology in terms of forms of bullying (traditional bullying and cyberbullying). The research group consisted of 1423 children and adolescents (48% girls), average age 13 years. A two-step cluster analysis was performed. The results show that 70% of children and adolescents do not participate in bullying, 15% belong to the victim group, 9% belong to the victim/aggressor group, and 6% belong to the aggressor group, while there are differences in sociodemographic characteristics. Victims experienced three types of victimization – in-person and online, only in-person and only online. Up to 30% of children and adolescents have experienced some form of bullying.

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Published

2025-12-18

How to Cite

Kohútová, K., Almašiová, A., Holdoš, J., Izrael, P., & Balint, G. (2025). Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying: Typology of Victims and Aggressors in Slovakia. Revista Romaneasca Pentru Educatie Multidimensionala, 17(4), 138-152. https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/17.4/1050

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 4 (2025): Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala

Section

Psycho-Social Competencies & Educational Strategies

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